[quote=junglegeorge12]I see where you are coming from kong, but the facts I found out is that there are MANY sources of red pigment. Astaxanthin is red, as is Canthaxanthin, even red pepper is a source of pigment. The reading I did showed that the main ingredient of sulfate and carbonate forms of cobalt are what many algaes and other plants eat and synthesize into red pigments of various forms. I also found on looking deeper that in certain forms the koi can place the pigment from cobalt carbonate and sulfate directly into their chromatorphes.
........OK JG, Astaxanthin is a member of the big three, it is a member of Carotenoid family, found in plants, algae and crustatacea species.
Red pepper and paprika have tones of red pigment also from the Carotenoid family.
Alga has a presence of Antheraxanthin, a Carotenoid
[quote] There are alot of pigments out there, and sources of them. Cartenoids and canthaxathin and astaxanthin and xanthin(yellow) are what are found in plants. Plants synthesize cobalt sulfate and carbonate forms into those pigments. Cobalt in some forms is a deep blood red or purplish or pinkish. In some forms it is a dark bold blue.
.........Cobalt as a trace element, is actually a plant "bio-stimulant" similar to molybdenum required by nitrogen-fixing bacteria which improves growth and transpiration in a plant. When consumed by animals, it acts as an anti-oxidant immune fuel or tissue repair enhancer. I still can not see the color pigmentation evidence. Still looking
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