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Carl,
I have a 10 foot diameter tank which is made of pipe and the same material as the typical show tank. I use it as a spawning tank and for holding fish while I figure out where-the-hell to put them permanently. It has been set up for about two years and seems as good as new. It is in a heavily shaded area under some trees. I do not know what the life expectancy is, but suspect it may be as much as five years. Like most things plastic, direct sunlight and UV radiation do the damage.
They come with side drains. It would be easy enough to put in a bottom drain using a bulkhead fitting and gasket. The ground under the tank can be dish-shaped to some extent to facilitate drainage and cleaning.
I have never heard of trying to insulate one of these things. If you put a piece of 1 to 2-inch thick beadboard (styrofoam sheet) under the tank it will help prevent punctures and reduce a lot of the conductive heat loss. You may be able to wrap the sides with 1-inch beadboard and put a lid on it. Having the water surface freeze could spell death for one of these show tanks as the ice expansion might cut the fabric and it may get very brittle at low temps. Don't really know about that.
Your other alternative may be a more rigid polyethylene tank. The ones here are like huge blue bowls. There is probably something similar in Japan. The cost is not much more than a show tank and they are almost bullet-proof. My wife did an experiment and found that they can fly off the back of a truck onto the highway and hardly get scratched. Again, they come with side drains but can be retrofitted with a bottom drain. A 6 or 8 foot one will fit in a shipping container if you decide to take it with you when you move back home.
Regards,
-steve
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